Abc behavior charting free download

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Modern iterations and extensions of ABA include the development of the functional assessments, function-based intervention and implementation of positive behavioural support PBS systems that we know today.

ABC charts arose from a need for better methods for recording direct behaviour observations. At the time, this paper was revolutionary in influencing the way behaviour was recorded. Previous behaviourists often described observations as a running narrative of events without any separation.

Applying the A-B-C structure broke these narratives down into a series of events defined by triggers, actions and consequences. Bijou emphasised the importance of doing this over multiple timepoints, and recording behaviours without inferring any emotional significance. Crucially, working with the ABC method of recording enabled patterns to be more easily identified and better integration of observational work with experimental work.

Recording behaviour through ABC charts is now common practice among many professions addressing challenging behaviour. Several reports suggest using ABC charts to help identify patterns behind challenging behaviour in the classroom environment. See primary schools , secondary schools , general classroom , and the Further Reading section at the end of this article. The use of ABC charts can be particularly valuable for those individuals who may struggle to articulate themselves.

In these circumstances, behaviour — including self-injurious behaviour — may be serving as a way for the individual to communicate their wants and needs. This includes people recovering from brain injury, people with dementia, children with special educational needs SEN and individuals with autism. All ABC charts record the core components of antecedents, behaviours and consequences. Below, these are discussed in more details, with some examples for each element.

They may include:. It is also important to consider antecedents that are not immediate and include the wider environment. Consequences may serve to maintain, decrease or increase the frequency of behaviour depending on whether they are positive or negative. Typical consequences could include:. Consequences may also serve as an antecedent to another behaviour and need to be recorded as such.

For example:. The behaviour is the action which the child takes. When describing behaviour in the context of ABC the aim is to be precise and specific. Behaviour is commonly thought of as having one of four functions often referred to using the acronym SEAT :. When analysing ABC data, you can look to see if the same behaviour often results in a particular consequence. With this knowledge, an appropriate intervention can be devised to encourage the use of a more appropriate behaviour to serve this function teaching the child to ask nicely , and discourage the use of the biting behaviour ensure toy is removed from the biter.

The same behaviour may serve alternate functions in different contexts. This is why it is important to collect information on the antecedents and consequences each time the behaviour happens, so you can consider the function for each occurrence. There are many strategies and techniques for managing challenging behaviour in children. However, sometimes your go-to strategies may not be working.

You might have difficulties with a particular child, or there could be a certain class-wide behaviour which frustrates you.

In these circumstances, it could be useful to conduct your own informal ABC analysis to help you really get to the root of the problem. You might also be asked by your school or another colleague to fill in an ABC chart for a particular pupil if they want to track how a child behaves throughout the day across different subjects or classrooms.

If this is the case, make sure you have a clear definition of the specific behaviour that they want you to monitor if applicable. ABC analysis is very useful when you need to manage behaviour of children who have special educational needs SEN , learning difficulties or autism, where challenging behaviour often presents as the result of an unmet want or need.

You can conduct your own informal ABC analysis at any time, however if you have serious behaviour concerns you should also approach your school SENCO or behavioural support team for help and advice. Our Challenging Behaviour training course is recommended for professionals who want to have a better understanding of how to respond to the behaviour of the children that they work with.

The course includes a series of activities for you to complete in order to help you relate the information given to your setting. An ABC chart is one of many types of behaviour recording, but it is often appreciated due to its simplicity and the depth of information it provides.

This helps form strategies of behaviour management that are person-centric, and ensures the needs of the individual are fully met. This is important because if the underlying reason for the behaviour is not identified and addressed, then problems may manifest themselves in additional challenging behaviours. Additionally, try to draw conclusions about the potential triggers and identify any reinforcing consequences of the behaviour.

It is a good idea to share this with colleagues to get a second independent opinion about your thoughts. You can then start to plan behaviour management strategies. Here we provide an example of how ABC analysis can help develop a successful behaviour support plan for a child exhibiting challenging behaviour. Use the drop-down to expand the text. A pupil continually speaks out in class , asking fellow classmates about their progress on the worksheets or saying out loud which question they are on.

Using an ABC chart, the antecedents and consequences of this behaviour were tracked. This was a high frequency behaviour , occurring several times a minute, so in this case a key was used with predefined antecedents and consequences, to speed up recording.

From the information collected, it became evident that the antecedent for the behaviour was quiet independent working. The pupil did complete their worksheet. The pupil continued to speak out despite teacher reprimands. The pupil appeared satisfied after receiving a response from a peer and there was a short pause in her speaking out. After examining the data and discussing with colleagues, the teacher concluded that a function of the behaviour was most likely to gain attention from peers.

A system to include a way for the pupil to get positive peer attention was developed and explained to the pupil. This involved the creation of a token-based reward system for working quietly.

When enough tokens were collected, the pupil could raise their hand and the teacher would allow the pupil to explain one of the worksheet questions to the class. Here, the antecedent working independently was not modified because this would be impractical and is an important part of the lesson. Instead, the added consequence of the token reward system created a way for the pupil to gain peer attention, whilst encouraging the new ideal behaviour of working quietly.

Adapted from: Special Connections, University of Kansas. Link is in the Further Reading section at the end of this article. One thing to take care with when using ABC charts is the possibility for false conclusions.

In most cases, you will be able to draw meaningful conclusions. But, if you find an intervention strategy is not working, try some other ideas or collect some additional data. Although the majority of examples for using ABC charts focus on developing strategies for managing challenging behaviour, they can be used effectively in positive ways. For example, you could use an ABC chart to gather information on consequences which seem to positively reinforce good behaviour.

Everyone is an individual, so knowing what motivates a particular child can help you to create effective rewards for good behaviour. Additionally, you could identify antecedents that seem to result in a desirable behaviour. For example, you might find that hand raising rather than calling out occurs more often when the student is reminded of this at the start of the lesson, and positive praise is given each time.

Below you can download our ABC chart template to help you collect data in an organised and meaningful way. You can print out our chart and have it in a handy location on your desk or wall, so you can fill it in upon the occurrence of a behaviour, and have the relevant information in one convenient place.

Firstly, define the specific behaviour you want to address and which is causing you most issues. ABC charts are most commonly used to track just one or two target behaviours at once, because it allows you time to record each instance whilst also managing a class or group.